26 vulnerable situations such as undocumented, domestic workers, etc. to protect the worker’s identity and help alleviate the fear of retaliation. For example, Qatar’s new online platform for whistleblowers enables workers in the private sector as well as domestic workers to submit complaints without having to enter any personal identification information (Migrant Justice Institute, 2021)  Enforcing judgments and ensuring workers can collect payment o Place the burden of proof on employers and create legal presumptions in workers’ favor for wage claims (Migrant Justice Institute, 2021) o Allow multiple workers to bring grouped claims against an employer (Migrant Justice Institute, 2021) o Create meaningful commercial consequences for businesses that ignore wage judgments such as Labour migration registration and licensing consequences, and Rapid accrual of additional penalties to compel payment o Facilitate power of attorney procedure for the repatriated/returning workers at missions. (CS & Rajan, 2021) o Extend liability for wage payment beyond the direct employer - treats a host business as the direct employer of workers supplied by a labour provider, lead firms and principal contractors jointly liable for subcontractors’ workers. o implementing joint and several liability against recruitment agencies (Migrant Justice Institute, 2021) STAKEHOLDER ACCOUNTABILITY Collective bargaining should be used to respond to conditions that perpetuate and uphold wage theft practices. For this, stakeholders need to consider bipartite and tripartite negotiations to focus on and address the issue of wage theft. Beyond this, there exist several actions stakeholders may consider in ensuring accountability of self and compliance by other actors to rights-based governance reform to address wage theft.  Governments of COO and COD:  States need to develop fair, professionalized and rights-based mediation processes in which employers are compelled to participate. For instance, the Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA) can remove the accreditation of foreign employers and suspend or revoke the licenses of recruitment agencies to facilitate compliance with approved settlements through the mandatory conciliationmediation process. (Migrant Justice Institute, 2021)  Registration process following due diligence needs to be conducted by missions before workers are repatriated. If any unpaid wages and other benefits remain pending, then the missions should be permitted to take the power of attorney from the migrants and pursue settlements of claims subsequently. (Abrar, Haque, & Haque, 2021)  Establish government schemes and other funds to pay wages where the employer will not or cannot pay - government funds that can cover worker wage payments in the event an employer liquidates, and extend this coverage to migrant workers; extend coverage of insolvency funds to undocumented workers; Project bank accounts and swift dispute adjudication to release payments to subcontractors in Disclaimer: The figures, statistics within the report are based upon the limited documentation of cases submitted to the JFWT platform or separately to MFA. It does not intend to implicate any country, government, industry, employer, etc.